Blasters training modules module 4 blasthole drilling. Use of controlled blasting techniques can minimize or eliminate vibration concerns the achilles heel of tbm tunneling is the substantial setup time and committed equipment cost when spread over tunnels less than 2,000 linear feet. Tunneling methods in different rocksoil conditions. Metec 2009 benefits of computerized drilling in drill and.
Drilling and blasting an overview sciencedirect topics. Mechanical excavation and drilling and blasting springerlink. The main difference between tunnel blasting and bench blasting is that tunnel blasting is done towards one free surface while bench blasting is done towards two or more free surface. Jul 27, 2011 tunnel construction methods and their comparison. Trends in fragmentation a global trend is emerging in which mining companies are subcontracting out the total blasting services including drilling. Jumbo drills mining machine, tunneling drilling equipment. Significant progress has been made in the reduction of serious injuries and fatalities resulting from mine blasting operations. Zongxian zhang, in rock fracture and blasting, 2016. This enabled drilling and blasting techniques to be fully evaluated against excavation by alternative means such as acknowledgements orica mining services acknowledges the support given by the consortium during the study. Highperformance drill and blast methods for tunnel construction require that each of the individual working elements that constitute the construction process are optimized and considered as a system of sequential and parallel activities.
Norwegian tunnelling technology norsk forening for. Optimization of blasting parameters in opencast mines. Pdf drilling and blasting as a tunnel excavation method. When boring through the earth, even extensive geotechnical. The rock hardness is estimated and transferred to a pdf map with weakness.
Drilling and blasting is the controlled use of explosives and other methods such as gas. A case study examination of two blast rounds at a nevada gold mine ed mchugh and joel warneke, national institute of occupational safety and health and cristian caceres, university of british columbia. This section looks at all aspects of drilling and blasting and the use of explosives at quarries and covers profiling of the quarry face and tracking of drillholes, the preparation of shotfiring rules, the appointment and necessary competence of the explosives supervisor, shotfirer and driller and the specific responsibilities they have including their statutory duties. Before the advent of tunnel boring machines tbms, drilling and blasting was the only. Tunnelling in rock by drilling and blasting presents the latest developments in the excavation of tunnels using the drilling and blasting method.
A tunnel boring machine tbm, also known as a mole, is a machine used to excavate tunnels. A case study examination of two blast rounds at a nevada gold. Niosh researchers collected basic data from two blast rounds at the ssxsteer mine as a component of. Tunnel construction methods and their comparison mining and.
Tbm tunneling is an everincreasing prospect for underground construction, and with each new tunnel bored there are unknown elements. Drill and blast methods in tunnelling have in principle not changed much during the last. Experiences from the field jim clark and steve chorley the robbins company abstract. For this, you need equipment and tools to deliver superior quality and. Complete list of different methods of tunnel construction. Fhwa technical manual for design and construction of road tunnel. Mine development is often a bottleneck in mining operations and is strongly influenced by the choice of excavation method. Many contractors, mining companies, and manufacturers have put. Smartrig can automatically center the bit and set the bore angle. Unpredictable ground conditions, environmental requirements and geological factors makes tunneling. Drilling and blasting a s a tunnel excavation method. Tunnel boring machine introduction tunnel boring machine are used to excavate tunnels with circular cs it can bore tunnels of diameter 120 m it made tunnel boring machine risk free. Ebook tunneling in rock by drilling and blasting as pdf.
Chao, secretary occupational safety and health administration john l. Drilling and blasting in quarry will be done in accordance with the provisions of the mines act, rules and regulations. The method of tunnel construction adopted for a project depends on various factors. Drill and blast tunneling practices ctt consulting gmbh. Modern drilling and blasting technology at the minntac mine by don thompson senior engineer, drill and blast us steel minntac mine mt. Full face tbms are mobile, electronically operated mills in the mountain. Tunneling in rock by drilling and blasting books pics.
Adequate safety measures will be taken during blasting operations in the quarry so. Conventional drill and blast excavation has a great advantage over. Various drilling patterns have been developed for blasting solid rock faces, such as. No matter which method you choose, the tunnel should be exactly where it was planned to be on time and on budget. Jumbo drills for mining and tunneling with 35 years of experience, cmm specializes in the manufacture of drillers intended mainly for underground working and offers a complete range of machines. Long hole drilling for the platinum industry a mining. The method can be used in all types of rocks and the initial cost is lower than the mechanical method like tbm. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. When youve been in the business of media blasting and painting for nearly 30 years, you tend to pick up a few ideas and tips that make life a little easier. Tunnelling in rock by drilling and blasting is the outcome of the workshop, tunnelling in rock by drilling and blasting, hosted by the 10th international symposium on rock fragmentation by blasting fragblast 10, november 2010, new delhi, india, and is essential reading for researchers and practitioners in tunnelling in rock by drilling and. Conventional drifting or tunneling by drilling and blasting method requires a much higher specific charge than ordinary production blasting such as bench blasting. In both cases tunneling forms an integral part of the entire operation. Mined tunnel construction with a tunnel boring machine tbm.
Tunneling in rock by drilling and blasting national driller. Drill and blast tunneling practices ctt consulting. Application of tunnel boring machines in underground. In addition to the geology, project specific conditions such as tunnel length and cross section. Examples of work conducted throughout the world including the indian subcontinent, australia, and sweden amongst others are discussed. This section includes procedures for blasting for excavation. Drill and blast method is mostly used method for the excavation throughout the world. In tunnel blasting operations, the explosive or blasting agent may be charged into the. Application of tunnel boring machines in underground mine. Blasting and explosivehandling operations must conform to the requirements in the blasting section. In this paper, the two wellrecognized methods, conventional drill and blast and mechanical excavation, are compared and discussed.
It is practiced most often in mining, quarrying and civil engineering such as dam, tunnel or road construction. Tunnel construction and tunnel engineering is considered to be one of the most sophisticated and specialized art in the field of civil engineering. The use of explosives during construction shall be as specified herein. Lecture 4 drifting, drilling, blasting and scaling. Tunneling in rock by drilling and blasting top results of your surfing tunneling in rock by drilling and blasting start download portable document format pdf and ebooks electronic books free online rating news 20162017 is books that can provide inspiration, insight, knowledge to the reader. Our cost analysis of the tbm tunneling versus drill and blast hand mining is shown below. Norwegian tbm tunnelling machines for hard rock and mixed face. Unpredictable ground conditions, environmental requirements and geological factors makes tunneling a challenging job.
The robbins company report tunneling cost reduction study. Fine fragments, in turn, allow for efficient removal and low equipment maintenance. Introduction drilling and blasting is the most popular excavation technique adopted for tunneling due to its acceptability in a wide range of geomining conditions. Faster tunneling rates are possible with the recent developments in explosives, initiating. However, equipment is presently available to conduct horizontal geotechnical investigations at reasonable production rates and cost. Controlled drill andblast is also a conventional excavation technique. Iron, mn abstract the minntac mine drills and blasts approximately 75 million long tons of taconite per year. Drill and blast tunneling practices gerhard girmscheid1 and cliff schexnayder, f. In tunneling, however, contour holes are blasted with. This tunneling method involves the use of explosives. Drilling and blasting as a tunnel excavation method.
Apr 21, 2012 drilling and blasting powerpoint 2003 1. Advantages include continuously sampling the tunneling horizon and minimizing access drilling to get the zone of interest at the underground construction horizon. For example, the specific charge at tunneling is 310 times higher than at bench blasting, depending on borehole deviation, tight holes, lift of the. This requires drilling one million feet of 16inch diameter holes. Its important to conduct blasting operations within a framework that considers multiple blast outcomes. Accuracy is the key in tunneling projects, meaning a low level of under and overbreak, resulting in lower costs and improved safety. This reference may be obtained free of charge in adobe acrobat pdf format through the fhwa at the following. Horizontal geotechnical investigations for tunneling. Despite the progress, injuries and fatalities continue to occur. Drilling and blasting is the controlled use of explosives and other methods such as gas pressure blasting pyrotechnics, to break rock for excavation. The focus in this paper is the selection, application and optimization of long hole drilling equipment at mining operations shallower than 2 000 meters. Some companies have even subcontracted all work functions at the mine and processing plant.
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